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= = = **Valley Center Instructional Coaches** =

=Kevin Warner - Math Instructional Coach= =Becky Cox - Literacy Instructional Coach= =Sherrie Brooks - Technology Integration Instructional Coach=

=How Adults Learn...= || ===** Andragogy (Adult) ** === || ===** Pedagogy(Student) ** === || Site: http://coe.sdsu.edu/eet/Articles/andragogy/index.htm
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 * **// Demands of learning //** || ** Learner must balance life responsibilities with the demands of learning. ** || ** Learner can devote more time to the demands of learning because responsibilities are minimal. ** ||
 * **// Role of instructor //** || ** Learners are autonomous and self directed. Teachers guide the learners to their own knowledge rather than supplying them with facts. ** || ** Learners rely on the instructor to direct the learning. Fact based lecturing is often the mode of knowledge transmission. ** ||
 * **// Life experiences //** || ** Learners have a tremendous amount of life experiences. They need to connect the learning to their knowledge base. They must recognize the value of the learning. ** || ** Learners are building a knowledge base and must be shown how their life experiences connect with the present learning. ** ||
 * **// Purpose for learning //** || ** Learners are goal oriented and know for what purpose they are learning new information ** || ** Learners often see no reason for taking a particular course. They just know they have to learn the information. ** ||
 * **// Permanence of learning //** || ** Learning is self-initiated and tends to last a long time. ** || ** Learning is compulsory and tends to disappear shortly after instruction. ** ||
 * Tips and Techniques for Teaching Adults **
 * ** Use problem oriented instruction. Case studies, simulations problem solving groups make the instruction relevant to their situation. **
 * ** Instruction should be about tasks not memorization of content. **
 * ** Instructors need to put their egos aside and not be afraid to have ideas and instruction challenged. Don't be afraid to give up control. **
 * ** Make the environment comfortable and leave time for breaks (every 45- 60 minutes). **
 * ** Instructors should use open ended questions to bring out the vast experiences of the adult learners. **
 * Four keys to adult learning **
 * ** Let adults direct themselves in the instructional process **
 * ** Integrate new information with previous experiences **
 * ** Make sure the information is relevant **
 * ** Make sure the information is readily useable for the learner **
 * ** Make sure the information is readily useable for the learner **

=Seven components of andragogical practice:=

1.Facilitators must establish a **climate of humanness **, physically and psychologically conducive to learning: a. circular seating arrangements b. climate of mutual respect among all participants c. emphasizing collaborative modes of learning d. establishing atmosphere of mutual trust e. offering to be supportive f. emphasizing that learning is pleasant. 2. Facilitators must** involve learners ** in mutual planning of methods and curricular directions. People will make firm commitments to activities in which they feel they have played a participatory, contributory role. 3. Facilitators must involve participants in **diagnosing their own learning needs**. 4. Facilitators must encourage learners to **formulate their own learning objectives**. 5. Facilitators must encourage learners to **identify resources and to devise strategies ** for using such resources to accomplish their objectives. 6. Facilitators must help learners to **carry out their learning plans**. 7. Facilitators must involve learners in **evaluating their learning**. Principally though the use of qualitative evaluative modes. Site: [|http://literacy.kent.edu/~nebraska/curric/ttim1/artsum.html]